Which disorder is an X-linked recessive condition that leads to progressive muscle degeneration?

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is indeed an X-linked recessive condition characterized by progressive muscle degeneration. This disorder is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene located on the X chromosome. Since males have one X chromosome, a single faulty copy of this gene results in the disease, leading to a lack of dystrophin, a protein essential for muscle cell stability and function. Without dystrophin, muscle fibers become damaged during contraction, resulting in muscle weakness and deterioration over time.

The condition typically begins in early childhood, with symptoms appearing as early as the age of 2 to 3. Affected individuals may experience difficulty with motor skills, such as running and jumping, and often show signs of muscle wasting and weakness in the hips, thighs, and shoulders. Over time, the muscle degeneration progresses, significantly impacting mobility and overall health.

In contrast, the other disorders listed do not fit the criteria for an X-linked recessive condition or are caused by different genetic mechanisms. For example, Becker muscular dystrophy is also related to the dystrophin gene but has a later onset and milder symptoms compared to Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Spinal muscular atrophy is primarily caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene, and myotonic