What is the definition of a somatic mutation?

A somatic mutation is defined as a mutation that occurs in non-germline cells and is not inherited. This means that the mutation arises in the somatic cells of an organism, which are any cells other than sperm and egg cells. Because somatic mutations happen in cells that do not contribute to the next generation, they are not passed down to offspring. Instead, these mutations can affect the individual where they occurred, potentially leading to changes in cell function or the development of diseases, such as cancer.

Understanding this definition is key as it highlights the distinction between somatic mutations and germline mutations, which occur in germline cells and can be inherited by future generations. The focus on the non-inherited nature of somatic mutations is crucial in discussions of genetic disorders and their implications for health and disease management. The other options incorrectly describe aspects of mutations or imply characteristics that do not accurately define somatic mutations.