What is one consequence of a missense mutation?

A missense mutation is characterized by a single nucleotide change in the DNA sequence that leads to the coding of a different amino acid in the resultant protein. This alteration can affect the protein's structure and function, depending on the role of the specific amino acid that has been replaced. If the new amino acid has similar properties to the original, the protein may retain much of its function. However, if the new amino acid has different properties, it can significantly impact the protein's effectiveness or even lead to malfunction.

This understanding is crucial in genetics and molecular biology, as such mutations can play a role in various diseases, including some forms of cancer and genetic disorders. Thus, identifying and studying missense mutations can provide insights into the molecular basis of diseases and potential therapeutic approaches.